Consequently, hundreds of chimpanzees in laboratories are in need of relocation to sanctuary for retirement, which necessitates research to broadly understand chimpanzees’ captive needs as well as the needs of this specific population. In 2015, the United States Fish and Wildlife Services declared captive chimpanzees ( Pan troglodytes) endangered under the Endangered Species Act, effectively ending invasive biomedical research on chimpanzees in the United States. This funder had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.Ĭompeting interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. Central Washington University, Primate Behavior Program Debra and Arlen Prentice Award (to JAF) This funder does not provide grant numbers. This funder had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
This funder does not provide grant numbers. Central Washington University Department of Anthropology and Museum Studies Pete and Sandra Barlow Award – JAF. įunding: This work received support from the following sources: Central Washington University College of the Sciences SURE fellowship – JAF. All other data is available from the OSF database, registered under the Corresponding Author at. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.ĭata Availability: All relevant data files (interaction matrixes) are available in the manuscript's Supporting Information. Received: JAccepted: JanuPublished: February 14, 2018Ĭopyright: © 2018 Funkhouser et al. Bard, University of Portsmouth, UNITED KINGDOM Our results have an applied component that can aid sanctuary staff in a variety of ways to best ensure the improvement of group welfare.Ĭitation: Funkhouser JA, Mayhew JA, Mulcahy JB (2018) Social network and dominance hierarchy analyses at Chimpanzee Sanctuary Northwest. Our results indicate that the conventional methods used to calculate individuals’ dominance rank may be inadequate to wholly depict a group’s social relationships in captive sanctuary populations. One chimpanzee emerged as the most dominant through agonism but was least connected to other group members across affiliative networks. Through agonistic networks, we found that group members reciprocally exhibited agonism, and the group’s dominance hierarchy was statistically non-linear. Three individuals were most central in the grooming network, while two others had little connection. We analyzed our data using SOCPROG to derive dominance hierarchies and network statistics, and we diagrammed the group’s social networks in NetDraw. We used focal-animal and instantaneous scan sampling to collect 106.75 total hours of associative, affiliative, and agonistic data from June to September 2016. In this study, we investigated the dyadic social relationships, group-level social networks, and dominance hierarchy of seven chimpanzees ( Pan troglodytes) at Chimpanzee Sanctuary Northwest.
Gaining a greater understanding of captive chimpanzees through investigations of centrality, preferred and avoided relationships, dominance hierarchy, and social network diagrams can be useful in advising current management practices in sanctuaries and other captive settings.
Social Network Analysis (SNA) is a useful tool for gaining a holistic understanding of the dynamic social relationships of captive primate groups. Different aspects of sociality bear considerable weight on the individual- and group-level welfare of captive nonhuman primates.
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